As there was no room for a fuel pump, the fuels were forced into the motor by pistons inside long tubes, the tubes being coiled (similar to a coil spring) to fit inside the airframe. The rocket burned a hypergolic mixture of S-Stoff ( nitric acid with 5% iron(III) chloride) and R-Stoff (an organic amine-mixture of 50% dimethylaminobenzene and 50% triethylamine called Tonka 250) as propellant, delivering 140 kg (310 lb) thrust initially, declining to 30 kg (66 lb) over the 17-second burn. Its BMW 109-448 rocket motor accelerated the missile to over 1,150 km/h (710 mph) and kept the X-4 at this speed during its "cruise", between 1.5 and 4 km (0.9 and 2.5 mi). The X-4 met these specifications and more. The missile was to be guided with enough accuracy to guarantee a "kill".
The bombers' defensive guns had a maximum effective range of about 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The idea was to build a missile with enough range to allow it to be fired from outside the range of the bombers' guns (what is now called a stand-off weapon). Work on the X-4 began in June 1943, by Dr Max Kramer at Ruhrstahl AG. A massive development effort resulted in a number of heavy-calibre autocannon designs, air-to-air rockets, SAMs, and the X-4. Despite heavy bomber losses, these prompted Luftwaffe research into considerably more powerful anti-bomber weaponry in order to reduce the cost in lost fighter aircraft and aircrew.
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History Kramer X4 ( Deutsches Museum in Munich) Ruhrstahl X-4 in RAF Museum Cosford A Ruhrstahl X-4 on display at the Udvar-Hazy Center.ĭuring 1943, the RAF's Bomber Command and the US Air Force mounted a series of heavy raids against Germany. The X-4 did not see operational service and thus was not proven in combat but inspired considerable post-war work around the world, and was the basis for the development of several ground-launched anti-tank missiles. The Ruhrstahl Ru 344 X-4 or Ruhrstahl-Kramer RK 344 was a wire-guided air-to-air missile designed by Germany during World War II. JSTOR ( October 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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